Unit 22: Please do (-(으)μ„Έμš”)

🌸 Level 1 · Absolute Beginner

Unit 22: Please do (-(으)μ„Έμš”)

In Unit 9, we learned μ£Όμ„Έμš” to say "Please give me." But what if you want to politely tell someone to do an action, like "Please go," "Please read," or "Please wait"?

For this, we use the imperative ending: -(으)μ„Έμš”.

1. How to conjugate -(으)μ„Έμš”

Just like the future tense, the conjugation depends on whether the verb stem ends in a vowel or a consonant.

Rule 1: Verb stem ends in a VOWEL -> + μ„Έμš”

If the verb stem ends in a vowel, you simply attach μ„Έμš”.

  • κ°€λ‹€ (to go). Stem = κ°€. -> κ°€ + μ„Έμš” = κ°€μ„Έμš” (ga-se-yo). = Please go.
  • ν•˜λ‹€ (to do). Stem = ν•˜. -> ν•˜ + μ„Έμš” = ν•˜μ„Έμš” (ha-se-yo). = Please do.
  • μ˜€λ‹€ (to come). Stem = 였. -> 였 + μ„Έμš” = μ˜€μ„Έμš” (o-se-yo). = Please come.

Rule 2: Verb stem ends in a CONSONANT -> + μœΌμ„Έμš”

If the verb stem ends in a consonant, you add the cushion vowel 으 before μ„Έμš”.

  • 읽닀 (to read). Stem = 읽. -> 읽 + μœΌμ„Έμš” = μ½μœΌμ„Έμš” (il-geu-se-yo). = Please read.
  • 앉닀 (to sit). Stem = 앉. -> 앉 + μœΌμ„Έμš” = μ•‰μœΌμ„Έμš” (an-jeu-se-yo). = Please sit.

Rule 3: The γ„Ή exception

If the verb stem ends in the γ„Ή consonant, the γ„Ή is dropped completely, and you treat it as if it ended in a vowel by adding μ„Έμš”.

  • νŒ”λ‹€ (to sell). Stem = νŒ”. -> (Drop γ„Ή) 파 + μ„Έμš” = νŒŒμ„Έμš” (pa-se-yo). = Please sell.
  • λ§Œλ“€λ‹€ (to make). Stem = λ§Œλ“€. -> (Drop γ„Ή) λ§Œλ“œ + μ„Έμš” = λ§Œλ“œμ„Έμš” (man-deu-se-yo). = Please make.

2. Examples in Context

  • 내일 일찍 μ˜€μ„Έμš”. = Please come early tomorrow.
  • 이거 λ³΄μ„Έμš”. = Please look at this.
  • ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜μ„Έμš”. = Please study Korean.
  • μ—¬κΈ° μ•‰μœΌμ„Έμš”. = Please sit here.

Summary

  • Vowel stem: + μ„Έμš” (κ°€μ„Έμš”)
  • Consonant stem: + μœΌμ„Έμš” (μ½μœΌμ„Έμš”)
  • γ„Ή stem: Drop γ„Ή + μ„Έμš” (λ§Œλ“œμ„Έμš”)
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