Easy Korean - Level 3, Unit 5: Approximate Time (About, Around)¶
When you want to say "about", "around", or "approximately" in relation to time, quantity, or age, Korean has three common words you can use: ์ฏค (jjeum), ์ ๋ (jeong-do), and ์ฝ (yak).
1. ์ฏค (jjeum) - About / Around¶
์ฏค is a suffix, meaning it attaches directly to the end of a noun (like time, price, age) without a space. It is the most common and casual way to say "about."
- ํ ์ (1 o'clock) + ์ฏค = ํ ์์ฏค (around 1 o'clock)
- ์ฒ ์ (1,000 won) + ์ฏค = ์ฒ ์์ฏค (about 1,000 won)
- ๋ด์ผ (tomorrow) + ์ฏค = ๋ด์ผ์ฏค (around tomorrow)
Example: ๋ด์ผ ๋ ์์ฏค ๋ง๋ ๊น์? (Shall we meet around 2 o'clock tomorrow?)
2. ์ ๋ (jeong-do) - About / Approximately¶
์ ๋ is a standalone noun that means "degree" or "extent." It functions similarly to ์ฏค but is used with a space after the noun. It often sounds slightly more formal or exact than ์ฏค.
- ํ ๋ฌ (one month) + ์ ๋ = ํ ๋ฌ ์ ๋ (about one month)
- 5๋ถ (5 minutes) + ์ ๋ = 5๋ถ ์ ๋ (about 5 minutes)
Example: ํ๊ตญ์์ 1๋ ์ ๋ ์ด์์ด์. (I lived in Korea for about a year.)
3. ์ฝ (yak) - Approximately / About¶
์ฝ is placed before the noun. It means "approximately" and is often used together with ์ฏค or ์ ๋ to emphasize the estimation.
- ์ฝ + ํ ์๊ฐ = ์ฝ ํ ์๊ฐ (about one hour)
- ์ฝ + ๋ง ์ = ์ฝ ๋ง ์ (about 10,000 won)
You can combine them like this: * ์ฝ ํ ์๊ฐ ์ฏค (approximately around one hour) * ์ฝ ํ ์๊ฐ ์ ๋ (approximately about one hour)
Example Sentences¶
- ์ค๋ ๋ช ์์ฏค ๋๋์? (Around what time do you finish today?)
- ์ญ๊น์ง 10๋ถ ์ ๋ ๊ฑธ๋ ค์. (It takes about 10 minutes to the station.)
- ํํฐ์ ์ฌ๋ 20๋ช ์ฏค ์์ด์. (About 20 people came to the party.)
- ์ฝ 100๋ฌ๋ฌ๊ฐ ํ์ํด์. (I need approximately 100 dollars.)